Name of the inventor: Shouri Chatterjee
Circuits that operate with supply voltages near/lower than the threshold voltage of transistors and capable of operating with power supplies of less than 1 Volt is described.
Operational transconductance amplifiers include an active load and a differential pair of transistors. Each of the transistors has a source, a gate coupled to an input signal and a drain coupled to the active load. A level shift bias circuit creates a common mode feedback and is coupled to the drain of the differential pair of transistors and the active load.
These techniques and circuits can be used in a wide range of applications, and various transistors from metal-oxide-semiconductor to bipolar junction transistors may be used to implement these techniques.